52 文章发表历史干货
生物医学文章发表的几个历史”干货”
最近留意到一个2023年发表的一个文章/essay (1)。作者是Richard Sever。
1. 关于作者Richard Sever
通过(1)这个文章，知道作者来自冷泉港实验室。
通过作者的Bluesky账号，知道作者是bioRxiv和medRxiv的联合创始人；同时，作者是openRxiv的首席科学和战略官。
2. 什么是openRxiv？
openRxiv is an independent non-profit, the new organizational home for bioRxiv and medRxiv, enabling researchers to instantly share groundbreaking findings with the global scientific community.
引自openRxiv官网。
3. 这个文章的若干“干货”或“知识点”
… articles are critical not only for communication between scientists but also for them to demonstrate their productivity and thereby secure grants, jobs, and promotions in a hypercompetitive academic environment.
Up until the 17th century, scientific discoveries were communicated primarily in private letters and monographs.
The first scientific journal—Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society—was launched in 1665 by Henry Oldenburg (Journal Des Sçavans was launched earlier the same year but was broader in scope).
In 1850, there were approximately 1,400 journals; come the 21st century the number had risen to more than 20,000.
Journals continued to proliferate into the early 21st century, with a series of mergers and acquisitions among the big commercial publishers resulting in a “big five”—Springer Nature, Elsevier, John Wiley, Sage, and Taylor & Francis—controlling most of the industry.
In fact, the practice of consulting external referees was only introduced in the 18th century…