23  最长寿鲨

格陵兰鲨是最长寿的脊椎动物

Published

January 13, 2026

图源：https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greenland_shark_profile.jpg

1. 格陵兰鲨的寿命

The Greenland shark is the longest-living vertebrate on Earth, with an estimated lifespan of up to 400 years. (1)

… the largest animal (502 cm) (i.e. Greenland shark) to be 392 ± 120 years old. (2)

2. 如何知道格陵兰鲨的寿命？

Radiocarbon dating of eye lens nuclei from 28 female Greenland sharks …(2)

3. 格陵兰鲨什么时候性成熟？

the age at sexual maturity to be at least 156 ± 22 years, and the largest animal (502 cm) to be 392 ± 120 years old. (2)

4. QuPath groovy script for fun

Images created via QuPath.

Screen recorded via uTools → 区域录屏。

这是groovy script of QuPath：

// QuPath v0.6.0

import qupath.lib.common.GeneralTools
import qupath.lib.objects.PathObjects
import qupath.lib.roi.ROIs

// Remove all existed objects if there are any
selectAllObjects()
removeAllObjects()

// Set image type
setImageType("OTHER")

// Sleep for 30 seconds for opening screen recording
//Thread.sleep(30000)

// ****************************************
// Show self-introduction (i.e. three sentences)
// ****************************************

// Define image plane
def plane = getCurrentViewer().getImagePlane()

// Select greenland shark
def shark_x = [242, 353, 489, 676, 755, 720, 529, 341, 248, 181, 197] as double[]
def shark_y = [154, 169, 200, 309, 390, 466, 445, 354, 275, 214, 181] as double[]

def shark_roi = ROIs.createPolygonROI(shark_x, shark_y, plane)
def shark_anno = PathObjects.createAnnotationObject(shark_roi)

addObjects(shark_anno)

// 1st sentence
Thread.sleep(2000)

def line1_roi = ROIs.createPointsROI(300, 80, plane)
def line1_anno = PathObjects.createAnnotationObject(line1_roi)

def sentence_1 = "I'm greenland shark."
line1_anno.setName(sentence_1)

addObject(line1_anno)

// 2nd sentence
Thread.sleep(2000)

def line2_roi = ROIs.createPointsROI(600, 150, plane)
def line2_anno = PathObjects.createAnnotationObject(line2_roi)

def sentence_2 = "I can have a lifespan up to 400 years (the longest-living vertebrate)！"
line2_anno.setName(sentence_2)

addObject(line2_anno)

// 3rd sentence
Thread.sleep(2000)

def line3_roi = ROIs.createPointsROI(300, 550, plane)
def line3_anno = PathObjects.createAnnotationObject(line3_roi)

def sentence_3 = "I can start to have kids when I am roughly 156 years old."
line3_anno.setName(sentence_3)

addObject(line3_anno)

Thread.sleep(2000)

// Select all objects
selectAllObjects()

// ****************************************
// Export as raster image with overlays (annotations)
// ****************************************

def viewer = getCurrentViewer()
def name = getCurrentImageNameWithoutExtension()
def path_png = buildFilePath("d://GeneCard//00_Post//52_greenland-shark-400-years",
        "images",
        "${name}.png"
)

writeRenderedImage(viewer, path_png)

println 'Done!'

给我买杯茶🍵

References

1.
L. G. Fogg, E. Tom, M. Policarpo, W. Cho, F. Gao, D. Hii, A. E. Fawcett, N. Boileau, A. Bech-Poulsen, K. F. Steffensen, C. J. Ng, P. G. Bushnell, J. F. Steffensen, R. Brill, W. Salzburger, D. Skowronska-Krawczyk, The visual system of the longest-living vertebrate, the greenland shark. Nature Communications 17 (2026).
2.
J. Nielsen, R. B. Hedeholm, J. Heinemeier, P. G. Bushnell, J. S. Christiansen, J. Olsen, C. B. Ramsey, R. W. Brill, M. Simon, K. F. Steffensen, J. F. Steffensen, Eye lens radiocarbon reveals centuries of longevity in the greenland shark (somniosus microcephalus). Science 353, 702–704 (2016).